["itemContainer",{"xmlns:xsi":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance","xsi:schemaLocation":"http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd","uri":"https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/items?output=omeka-json&page=17&sort_field=added","accessDate":"2026-04-25T22:10:41-05:00"},["miscellaneousContainer",["pagination",["pageNumber","17"],["perPage","30"],["totalResults","1845"]]],["item",{"itemId":"749","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"746"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/05f514adb0ee01cf94caca94dad7267b.pdf"],["authentication","3e7ca811eb224c9b53652095d64ab17b"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2367"},["text","Wilson makes his \"Peace Without Victory\" Speech"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2368"},["text","Wilson calls for a negotiated end to the war and speaks of the creation of an international institution to keep the peace. Germany  accepts Wilson's terms, but Wilson says Kaiser Wilhelm's endorsement is \"empty and insincere.\" (Quoted in Lynn, Jane Addams, p. 325.)  On January 31, Germany declares a return to unrestricted submarine warfare.  Several days later, Wilson severs diplomatic ties with Germany.    "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2369"},["text","Wilson, Woodrow. “President Wilson’s Address to the United States Senate, on Essential Terms of Peace in Europe (Delivered on January 22, 1917).” President Wilson's state papers and addresses, with editorial notes, a biographical sketch, an introduction and an analytical index. New York: The Review of Reviews Company, 1918. 348-56. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 16 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2370"},["text","1917-01-22"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2371"},["text","|11|-8576440.5194353|4706235.9466882|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"750","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"747"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/3d8baeaf3ab742b376b7dc6e4c5f382c.pdf"],["authentication","8d0480310a12580294491fec5664fb0b"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2372"},["text","The Emergency Peace Federation demonstrates against the war, call on delegates to visit Congress"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2373"},["text","“Pilgrims for Peace to Visit Congress.” The New York Times: 9 Feb. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,566: 11. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2374"},["text","1917-02-12"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2375"},["text","|11|-8576516.9564634|4706159.6087985|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2654"},["text","The Emergency Peace Federation holds a mass meeting at the Raliegh Hotel. From there, members plan to visit Congress in protest against the declaration of war. The American Union Against Militarism also conducts a referendum nation-wide. At the same time, many suffragists break with the Women's Suffrage Party when some of the party's executive members pledge the party's support for President Wilson's decision to declare war. These suffragists, much like Addams, are resolutely for peace. Addams suggests that the party has a right to pledge the support of members in the case of war. These women pacifists hold a mass meeting at the Stuyvesant High School auditorium."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"751","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"748"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ccf9560b09ff8226514b4bdfa26eabd1.pdf"],["authentication","a704c431291b93b986010c7a36a8fd9e"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2376"},["text","Emergency Peace Federation meets with Wilson"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2377"},["text","Addams calls on peace activists to telegram President Wilson to express their support for a national referendum on the war. Addams and others - the Committee of Five - are sent by the Emergency Peace Federation to meet with Wilson at the White House to discuss alternatives to war. Addams comes away from the meeting \"in deep rejection,\" sensing that Wilson had already committed the country to war (Davis, p. 243)."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2378"},["text","“Pacifists Press Views on Wilson.” The New York Times: 1 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,586: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2379"},["text","1917-02-28"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2380"},["text","|10|-8236941.2035581|4980660.195691|osm\r\nNew York City, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"752","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"749"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/bc5e18ef0ff567912959b8bc3dd110a8.pdf"],["authentication","7f37184577551924a7369be95813b2c6"]],["file",{"fileId":"750"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/cbb5f249930dae3fcb380349287cdcdd.pdf"],["authentication","50b39a7b17fce6c9d3b86842512acb6c"]],["file",{"fileId":"751"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/2fbbf240aa822b6c5ad71bdef4243327.pdf"],["authentication","caddc861cd2877937248f808f8afc476"]],["file",{"fileId":"752"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/3deba56107816e3b2cd7cbb400712a4c.pdf"],["authentication","e8c519c8bd00e5d4aa63a0d07b508dc6"]],["file",{"fileId":"753"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/9c06a1a6e7382ba490e17238684707ae.png"],["authentication","882dfa2c80ec8ee62b83ffb8fcd31a32"]],["file",{"fileId":"754"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/c793e66ca466f0ef3492e617543fb55c.png"],["authentication","bc53b67c05efb5e8b35ab60dc9eb4876"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2381"},["text","Public mood toward The Great War changes"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2382"},["text","News of German subs sinking three American ships as well as German secret negotiation with Mexio come up before Wilson declares war.  Addams and Mary ? spend the month in a large estate in Flordia. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2383"},["text","“Germany Seeks an Alliance Against US; Asks Japan and Mexico to Join Her; Full Text of Her Proposal Made Public.” The New York Times: 1 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,586: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017.\r\n \r\n“Plot Awakens Congress.” The New York Times: 2 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,587: 1, 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “Text of Germany’s Proposal to Form an Alliance With Mexico and Japan Against the United States.” The New York Times: 1 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,586: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“U-Boats Sink Ten More Ships; One American is Killed; Gerard Held, Berlin Presses Treaty to Guard Germans Here; Accumulation of German Offenses May Cause Action.” The New York Times: 9 Feb. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,566: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “Washington Exposes Plot.” The New York Times: 1 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,586: 1, 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “Zimmerman Says Again Neutral Ships Will Be Sunk.” The New York Times 1 Mar. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,586: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2384"},["text","1917-03-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2385"},["text","|14|-9087029.2593123|3319213.6130538|osm\r\nOakland, Florida"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"753","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"755"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/8604776757277e9fb6d07b8d42713d20.pdf"],["authentication","8ccf2647cb9b93ec679691211cc5f85f"]],["file",{"fileId":"756"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/1ec128748ae8e9d424ea40efb9c29133.pdf"],["authentication","45d12b11a49e028fe01ee65892a5845a"]],["file",{"fileId":"757"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/9ebcb37164fb64a81f706e367a391b55.pdf"],["authentication","076efa7dab8361acc937356f0b67240f"]],["file",{"fileId":"758"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/0a7d058a247a2cffc64ce25b5804331e.png"],["authentication","ec09a0d4c040d07d3257aa8dfd9991a9"]],["file",{"fileId":"759"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/99742909e2906dc48841ba0842d0fbe1.pdf"],["authentication","ae67420bd335e599ba66855c82866f2b"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2386"},["text","Wilson asks Congress for a declaration of war on Germany"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2387"},["text","Ending his policy of neutrality, President Wilson goes before Congress and asks for a formal war declaration against Germany.  Congress passes a war declaration on April 6.  The Senate passes the resolution 82-6. The House also does so, 373-50. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2388"},["text","“Senate, 82 to 6, Adopts War Declaration; Its Opponents Scored; House Acts Today; Berlin Fears Our Influence on Russia.” The New York Times: 5 Apr. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,621: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “Text of War Resolution Adopted by Senate and the Detailed Vote Upon its Passage.” The New York Times: 5 Apr. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,621: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Wilson and Cabinet Plan 5 Years’ War.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 10 Nov. 1917: 1. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. 12 June 2017.\r\n\r\nWilson, Woodrow. “Proclamation of State of War and of Alien Enemy Regulations, April 6, 1917.” President Wilson's state papers and addresses, with editorial notes, a biographical sketch, an introduction and an analytical index. New York: The Review of Reviews Company, 1918. 383-87. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 16 June 2017.\r\n\r\nWilson, Woodrow. “Wilson’s Address to Congress Advising that Germany’s Course be Declared War Against the United States (Delivered in Joint Session, April 2, 1917).” President Wilson's state papers and addresses, with editorial notes, a biographical sketch, an introduction and an analytical index. New York: The Review of Reviews Company, 1918. 372-83. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 16 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2389"},["text","1917-04-02"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2390"},["text","|11|-8575370.4010393|4705344.3465892|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"754","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"760"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/01bc5bfa82a1061da07ee80ba369073c.pdf"],["authentication","86acfec25fdd03212aa017c8a13e7840"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2391"},["text","Addams opposes laws on conscription and limiting civil liberties"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2392"},["text","Congress adopts the Conscription Act and the Espionage Act. During hearings for both the conscription legislation, Addams and others ask, without success, for Congress to add an exemption for draft-age men who have ethical or broadly religious objections to military service (those belonging to certain specific sects are already exempted). During hearings for the espionage legislation, Addams and others ask Congress to clarify that citizens may promote alternatives to war and oppose the draft without being in violation of the Espionage Act, but, again, they are unsuccessful. Addams and other sign a telegram to Wilson, opposing the Overman Bill limiting civil liberties, asserting that it \"threatens the liberty of speech and activity of the citizens of the United States and is dangerous to Democratic institutions.\" (Quoted in Joslin, 186. See footnote 92.)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2393"},["text","“Statement of Miss Jane Addams.” Espionage and Interference with Neutrality. Hearing Before the House Committee on the Judiciary, Sixty-Fifth Congress, First Session on H.R. 291, 9-12 Apr. 1917. Washington Government Publishing Office 1917, 50-52. Archive.org. Web. 14 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2394"},["text","1917-04-14"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2395"},["text","|11|-8576385.3190618|4705630.5865582|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"755","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"761"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a8bfe72485588cbc64a3ecca0a267f34.pdf"],["authentication","e6c484b77cf8f4c2a5e69e43029e55be"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2396"},["text","Addams pronounces her opposition to the war, suffers public condemnation and self-doubt"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2397"},["text","Addams delivers a speech, “Pacifism and Patriotism in Time of War,\" in May, in Chicago, before the Chicago City Club, and again in Evanston (on June 10), at the First Congregational Church (1445 Hinman Avenue). She receives fierce criticism in the press and in letters and is called a traitor to her country. Hull House loses major donors. \"Any spoken or written word,\" wrote a businessman in a letter to a Chicago newspaper, \"that lessens the strength of the arm of the Government is a disloyal act\" (Quoted in Levin, 221). The negative response to Addams opposition to the war - and especially the United States blockading the delivery of food to the people of belligerent nations - amounted to a repudiation of Addams' pacifism and the progressive causes she held dear. Public criticism of her, as well as the knowledge that she was under surveillance by the Department of Justice, compels Addams to recalibrate her peace advocacy. \"I am obliged to walk very softly in regard to all things suspect,\" she writes a colleague (Quoted in Davis, 247)."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2398"},["text","Addams, Jane. “Patriotism and Pacifists in War Time.” The City Club Bulletin X.9 (1917): 184-90. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 14 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2399"},["text","1917-05-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2400"},["text","|12|-9762092.1632227|5167671.0045851|osm\r\nChicago, Evanston, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"756","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"762"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/6c9f3267e076146bedc07e18d8501971.pdf"],["authentication","64fc69ddf8d712218b1eda2c8f862e97"]],["file",{"fileId":"763"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/8d0de181aa9dbfdf9a650355d47c74db.pdf"],["authentication","e6c484b77cf8f4c2a5e69e43029e55be"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2401"},["text","Addams' anti-war speech is published"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2402"},["text"," The speech is later published under the title \"Patriotism and Pacifists in War Time” in The City Club Bulletin 10 (16 June 1917): 184-190.  The negative response to Addams opposition to the war - and especially the United States blockading the delivery of food to the people of belligerent nations - amounted to a repudiation of Addams' pacifism and the progressive causes she held dear.  Public criticism of her, as well as knowledge that she was under surveillance by the Department of Justice, compels Addams to recalibrate her peace advocacy. \"I am obliged to walk very softly in regard to all things suspect,\" she writes a colleague.  (Quoted in Davis, American Heroine, p. 247."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2403"},["text","Addams, Jane. “Patriotism and Pacifists in War Time.” The City Club Bulletin X.9 (1917): 184-90. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 14 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Carter Dissents to Jane Addams’ Views on War.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 11 Jun. 1917: 13. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2404"},["text","1917-06-16"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"757","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"764"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/56414f996e9b8156b36792e01fe8d473.pdf"],["authentication","afd7d507a2dd1de1704cfb4541cf93c4"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2405"},["text","Creation of National Civil Liberty Bureau"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2406"},["text","The American Union Against Militarism and the Fellowship of Reconciliation – Addams sits on both boards – agree to create a new National Civil Liberties Bureau to fight for free speech and the rights of conscientious objectors. Addams agrees to serve on the new bureau’s board of directors."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2407"},["text","“Bureau to Defend Lovers of Peace.” The New York Times: 3 Jul. 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,710: 5. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2408"},["text","1917-09-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2409"},["text","|10|-8234495.2186535|4977908.0404592|osm\r\nNew York City, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"758","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"765"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ce05554756be931fbd56b014f3ca7e9d.pdf"],["authentication","09ed69820a23a0e07560de002ffbb4c2"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2410"},["text","Addams signs on as spokesperson and fund-raiser for the United States Food Administration"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2411"},["text","The United States Food Administration is established in August of 1917 for the purpose of relieving starvation in war-torn Europe. President Wilson appoints Herbert Hoover, the former head of the Belgian Relief Organization, to run the effort. (In 1914, Hoover, an American living at the time in England, founded the Belgian Relief Organization as a neutral body for the purpose of purchasing and distributing food to the people of German-occupied Belgium.) Hoover recruits Addams as a spokesperson and fundraiser for the Food Administration office. Dispirited by the negative public response to her opposition to the war, Addams throws herself into this new task and finds a reason to draw a connection between it and her quest for lasting peace, economic interdependence, and morality. She writes in Peace and Bread in Time of War: \"I believe that a generous response to the world situation might afford an opportunity to lay over again the foundations for a wider international morality...a new powerful force might be loosened in the world when the motive for producing and shipping food on the part of the great nations was no longer a commercial one but had for the moment shifted to a desire to feed the hungry\" (82-83). Addams undertakes a national speaking tour on behalf of the United States Food Administration."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2412"},["text","“The Food Administration Bill.” The New York Times: 4 June 1917, vol. LXVI no. 21,681: 10. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2413"},["text","1917-11-02"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"759","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"768"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/0d52d52ef8da4d25c7fc04cc31fd23c2.png"],["authentication","15f0d3b0f13fbcb060062c2d55ae0975"]],["file",{"fileId":"766"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/9b0cf74ae93e063b50e062184bd47b41.pdf"],["authentication","7f8c60d69a0b669971e6221dadbdd091"]],["file",{"fileId":"767"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/cd8ddf0ab907dbb98aa6ed2fb8bd7378.pdf"],["authentication","a6091a9bb71c4e26c8f3f4e3dfe95429"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2414"},["text","Addams is criticized for withdrawing from leading the war opposition following the armistice"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2415"},["text","In the weeks that follow, Addams is criticized by some women peace activists in Europe for her having withdrawn, in 1915, from her leadership role in opposing the war.  She also comes under attack from opponents of the peace movement.  Among them is New York State  Senator Archibald E. Stevenson, who includes her in a published list of European radicals."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2416"},["text","“Armistice Signed, End of the War! Berlin Seized by Revolutionists; New Chancellor Begs for Order; Ousted Kaiser Flees to Holland.” The New York Times: 11 Nov. 1918, vol. LXVIII no. 22,206: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “German Woman Ask Food Help.” The New York Times: 15 Nov. 1918, vol. LXVIII no. 22,210: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“War Ends at 6 O’clock This Morning.” The New York Times: 11 Nov. 1918, vol. LXVIII no. 22,206: 1, 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2417"},["text","1918-11-11"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"760","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"769"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/394a0f099817ee78c2c14daf268688d3.pdf"],["authentication","4bc7a44498e1fd772ac0ee3bd011a567"]],["file",{"fileId":"770"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/51345cb7cea722c178a3f0316c39362e.pdf"],["authentication","aa90029a0bab185836ed810e5bd3dbdb"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2418"},["text","Addams' reaction to peace negotiations opening in Paris"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2419"},["text","Since the outbreak of the war in Europe, Addams has been at the forefront of the peace movement. From international conferences to meetings and essays, Addams has fine-tuned her ideas on internationalism. She promotes international leagues for arbitration as well as economic pressure in replace of militarism. For Addams, the association of labor is the new internationalism. Some of the points Addams supports are taken to the negotiation table in Paris by President Wilson. Unfortunately, Britain and France successfully keep many of these points out of the eventual treaty."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2420"},["text","“Jane Addams Explains Plan of World League.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 15. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“The League and the End of the War.” The New York Times: 23 Dec. 1918, vol. LXVIII no. 22,248: 10. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2421"},["text","1919-01-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2422"},["text","|11|261055.81561011|6251232.2523768|osm\r\nParis, France"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"761","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"835"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ac57dc68b007dda3894db9f400aada87.pdf"],["authentication","d298165ab4bd3cdd771d0f95d8c6f0c1"]],["file",{"fileId":"836"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/2a78ad7a9f7c51a141a9b3f6c170cd8e.pdf"],["authentication","7159098dbf25a7d42ff46afb6ded2f93"]],["file",{"fileId":"837"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/c672509ec55c0b76c80658e2abcabe77.pdf"],["authentication","b312252f2edd142dfd6fb26566ed8727"]],["file",{"fileId":"838"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/db34b8b3da47da6adffa9fb269805388.pdf"],["authentication","5c6f85036bbba4e0badd42a6a850f307"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2423"},["text","The New York State Senate  includes Addams on a list  of \"Radicals and Pacifists\" "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2424"},["text","A foreboding of the Red Scare, Archibald Stevenson, a staffer of a New York State Senate sub-committee investigating German propaganda during the First World War, produces a list of \"Radicals and Pacifists,\" which includes Addams and her long-time associate Lilian Wald. The product of the investigation, the Lusk Report links peace and women's groups to communism and Soviet Bolshevism. Addams is quick to respond: \"I am a pacifist. I am a member of many pacifist organizations - national and international and head of several of them, but I have been loyal to my country.\" Thus begins a decade in which Addams is subject to broad condemnation for her peace activism and alleged associations with radicals. (Quoted in Davis, 253.)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2425"},["text","“Huge Relief Supplies Win Against Famine.” The New York Times: 19 May 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,395: 27. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Vast Amounts of Foodstuffs Sent to Europe.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 14 Apr. 1919: 5. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“War on Famine Just Beginning, Hoover Warns.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 28 Apr. 1919: 4. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 15 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2426"},["text","1919-01-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2427"},["text","|11|-8576211.2083505|4707179.0335451|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"762","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"774"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/7ae98aeaac0775604ab4e3641892fcd9.pdf"],["authentication","1f8c88edc017563afc45c958242be644"]],["file",{"fileId":"775"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/3ae97788394286f5a483b86a67b1157d.pdf"],["authentication","8730289888370b0d2e11be2d9410aa43"]],["file",{"fileId":"776"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/dbd2a6dfd98bd3e59eccab232baacf36.pdf"],["authentication","344e72f87564fea6ce7a4ae61f7318de"]],["file",{"fileId":"777"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ed9689dabb27f0838fc4b7bae6053ee4.pdf"],["authentication","a646e47389d43d4b1c346f496fd95d74"]],["file",{"fileId":"778"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/f84c207f043058e4601ac7c9b455b0fb.pdf"],["authentication","969fd5f3457ae968a4514055977487e3"]],["file",{"fileId":"779"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/670f0eed98ddf3ee16e27b2c150aa359.pdf"],["authentication","2c3879aea60a8171b3746d8c15655c26"]],["file",{"fileId":"2085"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/6d24a54a08e59bb817766d4299ce7435.pdf"],["authentication","bb48f418ce8d030101bb80dd5843bfdc"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2428"},["text","The Women's International League meets, in Zurich, concurrent with the closing of the Paris Peace Conference"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2429"},["text","The announcement of the final terms of the war settlement stun Addams and the other delegates, who pass resolutions rejecting the treaty and calling for major revisions of it.  The delegates also rename their organization the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.  Addams gives three addresses at the Congress. Alice Hamilton describes the opening session: \"\"The big room is full of a subdued Babel of many tongues, up on the platform which is charmingly decorated, is the lady surrounded by seven selected women of the different countries and in a few minutes she will make her opening address.\" (Quoted in Joslin, Jane Addams, p. 194.  See footnote 124.  "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2430"},["text","“Men Have Made a Mess of Peace, Women Assert.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 17 May 1919: 4. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 12 June 2017. <br /><br />“Report of the Second International Women's Congress for Peace and Freedom, Zürich, 1919.”&nbsp;<i>Hathi Trust Digital Library</i>. Web. 13 July 2017.<br /><br />“Women Go Abroad to World Congress.” The New York Times: 10 Apr. 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,356: 24. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017. <br /><br />“Women Meet at Zurich.” The New York Times 4 May 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,390: 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017. <br /><br />“Women as ‘Permanent Peacemakers.’” The New York Times; Magazine Section: 22 Jun. 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,429: 78, 80. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 15 June 2017. <br /><br />“Women’s Conference Will Fight Treaty.” The New York Times 20 May 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,396: 5. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017. <br /><br />“World Women Demand Change in Peace Treaty.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 19 May 1919: 10. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 15 June 2017.<br /><br />"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2431"},["text","1919-05-12"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2432"},["text","|12|949006.0519403|6004409.7564872|osm\r\nZurich, Switzerland"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"763","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"780"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/fd8067a40ab789195a634a1eaf1297c8.pdf"],["authentication","12d5cb827115412db370bf7455a6b6bc"]],["file",{"fileId":"781"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ad1df55ed2ddf2750f87ad9bdbaf469c.pdf"],["authentication","f08cfd86c0270072e6f2f61700bf3ece"]],["file",{"fileId":"782"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/3ae4a1430862c14d124487d4183f289b.pdf"],["authentication","e0cc116fbd8bbb74aac02516f9263d67"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2433"},["text","Addams visits war-torn Germany "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2434"},["text","Addams, Alice Hamilton, and a group of Quakers from the United States and England visit Germany and survey the efforts of the Society of Friends to relieve hunger. In Leipzig, they observed hungry and malnourished school children and speak with medical professionals who reported outbreaks of various diseases, including typhus and tuberculosis. Addams is criticized by an English Quaker for having shared a meal with American soldiers while in Berlin. \"If I found a wounded soldier in uniform at my door, I would not take him in,\" said the English woman. \"Oh, I think you would,\" Addams replied. \"You would take him in, and feed him, and take off his uniform. Isn't that what we are working for - to feed the world at our doorstep, and take off his uniform?\" (Quoted in Linn, 346.)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2435"},["text","“Berlin Street Battle Wakens Miss Addams.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 11 Jul. 1919: 6. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. 12 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Jane Addams Goes to Berlin on Food Mission.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 3 Jul. 1919: 1. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Miss Addams On Mission.” The New York Times: 3 Jul. 1919, vol. LXVIII no. 22,440: 3. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 10 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2436"},["text","1919-06-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2437"},["text","|7|1359557.9523622|6673744.0645932|osm\r\nChemnitz, Halle, Leipzig, and Lower Saxony, Germany"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"764","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"783"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a7b0e96fe5fe898479b69f5ee2b7c582.pdf"],["authentication","72a09fc66ec668d95187c64768305abf"]],["file",{"fileId":"784"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/f835604d3ddb4fb5dfff1529f197af60.pdf"],["authentication","6f8a8677d713e754c7794c1bab4847ed"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2438"},["text","Addams speaks out against the Palmer Raids"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2439"},["text","At Recital Hall, on Michigan Avenue, in Chicago, Addams gives an address in which she is critical of the government's having rounded up and arrested, for the purpose of deportation, suspected radicals affiliated with socialist, anarchist, and other political causes deemed threatening to the United States. Addams is again criticized in the press, with one paper calling her a \"philosophical anarchist\" and suffering under a \"spirit of sublime detachment\" from the threat radicals posed to the country. Addams responds by questioning the propriety of the methods employed in the raids as unjust and unlawful, but she concedes that some caught up in the raids were probably dangerous characters. \"We come around to the old situation,\" she wrote, \"that an injustice against the most wretched man in the community is, in the end, an injustice against all of us.\" (Levine, 234)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2440"},["text","“Deportation of Radicals Rapped By Jane Addams.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 23 Feb. 1920: 17. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 12 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Jane Addams Heads Meeting of Protest on Deportations.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 2. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2441"},["text","1920-02-22"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2442"},["text","|9|-9763932.2269896|5141607.2018861|osm\r\nChicago, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"765","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"785"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/e71947f4207e6f6f6d997dfbfcb4017d.pdf"],["authentication","d7ec1b462f100c90db6d159bd0475eb2"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2443"},["text","Addams' essay \"Feed the World and Save the League\" appears in New Republic"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2444"},["text","Addams, Jane. “Feed the World and Save the League.” New Republic (24 November 1920): 325-327. The New Republic 19-21: 1919-20. Print. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2445"},["text","1920-11-24"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"766","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"786"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a41f5268aef5c0e18e9cdf5a868d5f92.pdf"],["authentication","e2804ef0c0b1067217ad87a939b74b04"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2446"},["text","Woodrow Wilson is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2447"},["text","Addams shares with her friend Emily Balch her disappointment at not having won the Nobel Peace Prize herself."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2448"},["text","“Wilson Will Get Nobel Peace Prize, Sweden Reports.” The New York Times: 21 Nov. 1920, vol. LXX no. 22,947: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2449"},["text","1920-11-27"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"767","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"787"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/3ab5178d788e1f00a7b630381affbda7.jpg"],["authentication","dcb8db661c38dde8a06cc237032972a1"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2450"},["text","Marion Fruit Jar & Bottle Co."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2451"},["text","1888-1904\r\nBoyd’s Genuine Porcelain Liners were patented in 1869, originally in colorless glass, then milk glass in 1871. Marion Fruit Jar and Bottle Company was one of many glass manufacturers to produce these; the company specialized in fruit jars, bottles, and oil cans (as in the 1893 ad below). Marion was acquired by Ball Brothers in 1904.\r\nRRH"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2452"},["text","Public Domain"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"768","public":"1","featured":"0"},["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2453"},["text","Edward H. Everett Company"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2454"},["text","1885-1904\r\nEdward Everett started in the glass industry by buying Newark Star Glass, which he renamed after himself in 1885; he sold the company to the Ohio Bottle Company (a corporation he also led) in 1904.\r\nRRH"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"769","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"789"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/baf9e6ddf77a54f4ed7ffdc9c83ce69f.jpg"],["authentication","fa124901e1a46f7b7dcdacbfbcb2af6c"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2536"},["text","Eskay's Albumenized Food"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2537"},["text","1890-?\r\nFrank Baum developed Eskay’s Albumenized Food for babies needing to gain weight in the last quarter of the 19th-century; in 1890, he was commissioned by the pharmaceutical firm Smith, Kline & French to manufacture the product. An 1899 advertisement for the product is below, and it was available as late as 1918.\r\nRRH"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2538"},["text","Public Domain"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"770","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"790"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/e62c1b71eca7509fde694ec153b1220b.png"],["authentication","60d0396951a068e1f975cbae79326155"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2540"},["text","J. E. Jeffords"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2541"},["text","1868-?\r\nJohn Eliot Jeffords started his pottery in 1868, quickly gaining a reputation for Rockingham, yellowware, and majolica.  An 1888 advertisement for Jeffords Porous Cells is below. The company was around until at least 1904, but it is unclear when it closed. \r\nRRH"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2542"},["text","Public Domain"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"771","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"791"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/740638d1ce51534a36aaffe5bad1d462.jpg"],["authentication","2696a69cdc535f02e28264e4a1047107"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2543"},["text","Van Buskirk's Fragrant Sozodont for the Teeth and Gums"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2544"},["text","1859-early 20th century\r\nRoswell van Buskirk created his popular Sozodont (from the Greek  “save” and “teeth”) in 1859, advertising its power to improve teeth, gum, and breath (as in the ad below, c. 1900). As early as 1880, dentists began complaining that Sozodont actually destroyed teeth enamel and was in no way beneficial. The product fell out of popularity in the early 20th century. \r\nRRH"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2545"},["text","Public Domain"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"773","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"794"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/201e25b10cb7e037d65c2f8b4de4f25b.pdf"],["authentication","67c967b1cc71fdb875e63c5462b4def0"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2550"},["text","Addams publishes \"Peace on Earth\" "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2551"},["text","<span data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;In the essay \\&quot;Peace on Earth,\\&quot; published in the Christmas edition of The Ladies' Home Journal, Addams writes about international arbitration and a world court as well as the monetary costs for the up-keep of armaments. Addams also addresses social and political reforms as well as the development of a new internationalism. In the following years, specifically after the outbreak of World War I, Addams will further develop these ideas in others essays, in several speeches, and in her international travels to conferences and governments to discuss these ideas.&quot;}\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{&quot;2&quot;:15359,&quot;3&quot;:[null,0],&quot;4&quot;:[null,2,4884200],&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:[null,2,0]},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;6&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:[null,2,0]},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;7&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:[null,2,0]},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;8&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:[null,2,0]},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;9&quot;:0,&quot;10&quot;:0,&quot;11&quot;:4,&quot;12&quot;:0,&quot;14&quot;:[null,2,0],&quot;15&quot;:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;16&quot;:12}\">In the essay \"Peace on Earth,\" published in the Christmas edition of <em>The Ladies' Home Journal</em>, Addams writes about international arbitration and a world court as well as the monetary costs for the up-keep of armaments. Addams also addresses social and political reforms as well as the development of a new internationalism. In the following years, specifically after the outbreak of World War I, Addams will further develop these ideas in others essays, in several speeches, and in her international travels to conferences and governments to discuss these ideas.</span>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2552"},["text","Addams, Jane. “Peace on Earth.” Ladies’ Home Journal for Christmas 1913: 27. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 3 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2553"},["text","1913-12-25"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2554"},["text","|3|-10742765.701817|5146352.239668|osm\r\nUnited States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"774","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"795"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/36c097cb60eaa08908f2704d03852e85.pdf"],["authentication","9084ff1ab96e42837fbcc35c19cc5498"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2555"},["text","Addams speaks at the Central YMCA "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2556"},["text","“Chicagoans Like Peace Plans.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 28 Apr. 1914: 2. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2557"},["text","1914-04-28"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2558"},["text","|9|-9763762.3337512|5141564.4206638|osm\r\nChicago, United States"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2633"},["text","Addams speaks at a mass meeting at the Central YMCA regarding peace between the United States and Mexico. Resolutions attempting to bring peace between the two countries are passed.  The resolutions ask for the suspension of military and naval operations during peace negotiations. Addams is already thoroughly involved in peace advocacy in the years before and the months leading up to the outbreak of the First World War. Less than two months from this meeting, the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife are assassinated, throwing Europe into war."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"775","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"796"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/5a805223504701cf8821045ee9040fbc.pdf"],["authentication","7ae052441848675ecafb5d4f04fd12dc"]],["file",{"fileId":"797"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/d95e48f05eecf3868f98c0bbe0d58215.pdf"],["authentication","2cf10c6ad7f3ec56c69e6df8a0386f8e"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2559"},["text","Addams elected president of the Chicago Emergency Federation (CEF). "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2560"},["text","The platform of the Chicago Emergency Federation (CEF) includes various peace proposals, including a league of nations, international arbitration treaties, arms control, international courts, democratic control of foreign policies, an end to secret treaties, a conference of neutral nations, and an unoffical conference of experts in international law to mediate among the warring nations and help set forth an armistice."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2561"},["text","“For a Peace Conference of Neutral Nations.” The Survey XXXIII.15 (1915): 597-8. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 23 June 2017.\r\n\r\n “National Efforts Crystalizing for Peace.” The Survey XXXIII.15 (1915): 393-4. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 23 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2562"},["text","1914-12-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2563"},["text","|9|-9764373.8299774|5139967.6640195|osm\r\nChicago, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"776","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"798"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/6e854d84862ac2f4a9bc98a0b307ee0d.pdf"],["authentication","28a553d1186460e37ae31951b1a78e9c"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2564"},["text","Addams speaks at peace conference"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2565"},["text","“Notables Due at Peace Rally.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 22 Feb. 1915: 3. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 12 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2566"},["text","1915-02-27"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2567"},["text","|9|-9762233.5931857|5147067.6254401|osm\r\nChicago, United States"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2634"},["text","Addams speaks at a peace conference at the Hotel La Salle in Chicago. The international conference is free and open to the public. The purpose of the meeting is to adopt a plan for an early end of the war and find ways to promote it."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"777","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"799"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/e74450123e2044f0102be2c31808c3d1.pdf"],["authentication","c846c7bd1cd2af0d221f5f50dc81900d"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2568"},["text","Addams speaks at international law conference"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2569"},["text","“Sees end of War in Brotherhood.” The New York Times: 12 Mar. 1915, vol. LXIV no. 20,866: 7. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 8 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2570"},["text","1915-03-11"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2571"},["text","|9|-8230537.5496878|4992148.6171252|osm\r\nNew York City, United States"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2635"},["text","At St. Paul's Chapel at Columbia University, Addams addresses the importance of a strong association labor organizations to the creation of a new international order. In the speech, one in a series she will make against militarism, Addams tells stories about the war on the Western Front. These stories tell of the brutal reality men in the trenches face and how civility, mercy, and compassion are found and shared between \"enemies.\"  She says people have been instilled with a false sense of patriotism."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"778","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"802"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a3fa44c00c3e4dc0e0ea43edf92db907.pdf"],["authentication","444c8f568e273ea840a311387887bcca"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2572"},["text","Addams writes Wilson a letter opposing military preparedness"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2573"},["text","President Wilson asks Congress to finance a number of new naval ships and aircraft carriers. The country begins a heated debate about American military preparedness.  Addams and other peace activities mobilize against an increase in military spending and the size of the U.S. military.  Addams claims that steps to increase military spending are unjustified because the United States faces no imminent threat to its national security. In Addams' opinion, Europe has exhausted its resources. Protected by two oceans, America, Addams conveys to Wilson, has no reason to prepare for war against \"hypothetical\" enemies."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2574"},["text","Addams, Jane. “A Protest Against Preparedness: A Letter to President Wilson.” The Commoner (Lincoln, Neb): 1 Nov. 1915, vol. XV no. 11: 6. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. Web. 27 June 2017"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2575"},["text","1915-10-29"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2576"},["text","|9|-9761554.1695221|5142282.1374868|osm\r\nChicago, United States"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"779","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"804"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/f744c9ae9ec9b8588ace3aa27eedc46a.pdf"],["authentication","2231054e17bfbb6e3105a7192d75d2a3"]],["file",{"fileId":"805"},["src","https://www.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/4af086c278e70a9b1c74e3419e71cff8.pdf"],["authentication","3d8009b1061dd6b7e380c0066bd4be6a"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2577"},["text","Wilson addresses the nation on why they are fighting the war"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2578"},["text","“The President’s Address to Congress.” The New York Times: 5 Dec. 1917, vol. LXVII no. 21,865: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web 15 June 2017.\r\n\r\n“Wilson Today to Tell World Why We Fight.” Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922): 4 Dec. 1917: 1. Tribune Publishing Company. ProQuest. Web. 15 June 2017."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2579"},["text","1917-12-04"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"38"},["name","Coverage"],["description","The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2580"},["text","|11|-8576364.082407|4706440.2083642|osm\r\nWashington D.C., United States"]]]]]]]]]